MÉCANO – Microphysique, Électricité, Convection, Aérosols, Nuages et Océanographie
MÉCANO – Microphysique, Électricité, Convection, Aérosols, Nuages et Océanographie
L’équipe MÉCANO (Microphysique, Électricité, Convection, Aérosols, Nuages et Océanographie) s’intéresse aux phénomènes météorologiques intenses, et leurs impacts sur l’atmosphère, les continents et les océans. Ses études portent sur les processus physiques et leur représentation numérique dans les modèles, sur l’évolution des propriétés de l’atmosphère, principalement des nuages et des éclairs, en lien avec le changement climatique, et enfin sur les processus océaniques de fine échelle, principalement les ondes internes et les grandes structures turbulentes.
Thématiques scientifiques
Thème 1: Électricité Atmosphérique : de l’étude des processus multi-échelle de l’éclair à leurs effets sur l’atmosphère
Cet axe de recherche a pour but de caractériser l’activité électrique des orages [et de ses effets sur la troposphère et la stratosphère à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles]. Cette caractérisation combinée à des exercices de simulation numérique avec le modèle Meso-NH vise à mieux comprendre les processus microphysiques/aérosols, dynamiques et électriques interagissant au sein des orages et conduisant à l’occurrence des éclairs (troposphère) et des phénomènes lumineux transitoires (stratosphère et mésosphère). Ces travaux permettent aussi de mettre en évidence l’effet de l’activité électrique sur la troposphère et la stratosphère à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles.
Thème 2: Événements intenses : de l’étude des processus physiques à leurs impacts
Cet axe concerne la connaissance, la compréhension et la prévision des événements atmosphériques et océaniques intenses. Leur formation, leur intensification et leurs impacts (pluie et grêle, vent, houle…) sont particulièrement étudiés en appliquant l’approche couplée modélisation-observation. Ainsi des simulations de haute résolution, voire LES, sont exploitées pour explorer les processus physiques mis en jeu à l’aide entre autres d’analyses de sensibilité et de bilans. Ces investigations numériques permettent aussi de valider et d’améliorer les représentations numériques, voire d’en proposer de nouvelles, par comparaison avec des observations de natures différentes. Trois types d’événements intenses intéressent l’équipe : les cyclones tropicaux, les tempêtes, et les orages. L’impact de ces phénomènes extrêmes sur l’océan est aussi étudié et plus précisément le rôle des ondes internes et des grandes structures turbulentes dans le mélange océanique.
Thème 3: Nuages, Convection et Climat : vers de nouveaux diagnostics microphysiques et électriques des nuages comme indicateurs du changement climatique
Les propriétés des nuages et des éclairs sont aujourd’hui reconnues comme des variables climatiques : elles révèlent la réaction de l’atmosphère au forçage anthropique et influencent son évolution future. Cet axe de recherche explore les propriétés des nuages et de l’activité électrique pour affiner les indicateurs réagissant au changement climatique. Pour cela des mesures sol et spatiales sont exploitées pour valider des propriétés de la couverture nuageuse (microphysique, opacité, charge en eau, précipitations) et de l’activité électrique (rythme, densité, durée ou extension) en tant qu’indicateurs fiables du changement climatique.
Thème 4: Développement instrumental et numérique
La composante instrumentale de cet axe de recherche se focalise ici sur le maintien en opération des différents moyens d’observation de l’équipe, sur le développement technique de nouveaux capteurs, et sur la définition et le développement de nouvelles missions spatiales et produits issus de la donnée spatiale. La composante numérique de cet axe de recherche s’intéresse aux nouveaux développements numériques et algorithmiques en dynamique et en microphysique, validés à l’aide d’observations, que les simulations des fines échelles rendent indispensables. Cette activité de développement s’accompagne par une importante activité de soutien et de formation à la modélisation de l’atmosphère et de l’océan.
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2023
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2022
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2021
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Jin, Q., J. Wei, W. K.M. Lau, B. Pu, and C. Wang, 2021: Interactions of Asian mineral dust with Indian summer monsoon: Recent advances and challenges, Earth-Sci. Reviews, 215, 103562, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103562.
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Maiorana, C., Marisaldi, M., Füllekrug, M., Soula, S., Lapierre, J., Mezentsev, A., et al. (2021). Observation of Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes at mid latitude. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 126, e2020JD034432. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034432.
Marchesiello, P., F. Auclair, L. Debreu, J. McWilliams, R. Almar, R. Benshila, F. Dumas, Tridimensional nonhydrostatic transient rip currents in a wave-resolving model, Ocean Modelling, Volume 163, 2021, 101816, ISSN 1463-5003, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2021.101816.
Mascaut, F., O. Pujol, B. Verreyken, R. Peroni, J.-M. Metzger, L. Blarel, T. Podvin, P. Goloub, K. Sellegri, T. Thornberry, V. Duflot, P. Tulet, J. Brioude. Aerosol characterization in an oceanic context around Reunion Island (AEROMARINE field campaign), Atmospheric Environment, Volume 268, 2022, 118770, ISSN 1352-2310, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118770.
Perpina, M., Noel, V., Chepfer, H., Guzman, R., & Feofilov, A. G. (2021). Link between opaque cloud properties and atmospheric dynamics in observations and simulations of current climate in the Tropics, and impact on future predictions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 126, e2020JD033899. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033899
Pizzuti, A., J. M. Wilkinson, R. Scovell, J. Mlynarczyk, S. Soula, A. J. Bennett, M.Füllekrug, Signatures of large peak current lightning strokes during an unusually intense thunderstorm in southern England, Atmos. Res., Vol 249, February 2021, , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105357
Rose, R., M. Rissanen, S. Iyer, J. Duplissy, C. Yan, J. Nowak, A. Colomb, R. Dupuy, X.-C. He, J. Lampilahti, Y. Tham, D. Wimmer, J.-M. Metzger, P. Tulet, J. Brioude, C. Planche, M. Kulmala, K. Sellegri. Investigation of several proxies to estimate sulfuric acid concentration under volcanic plume conditions. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, European Geosciences Union, 2021, 21 (6), pp.4541 – 4560. ⟨10.5194/acp-21-4541-2021⟩
Rose, C., Collaud Coen, M., Andrews, E., Lin, Y., Bossert, I., Lund Myhre, C., Tuch, T., Wiedensohler, A., Fiebig, M., Aalto, P., Alastuey, A., Alonso-Blanco, E., Andrade, M., Artíñano, B., Arsov, T., Baltensperger, U., Bastian, S., Bath, O., Beukes, J. P., Brem, B. T., Bukowiecki, N., Casquero-Vera, J. A., Conil, S., Eleftheriadis, K., Favez, O., Flentje, H., Gini, M. I., Gómez-Moreno, F. J., Gysel-Beer, M., Hallar, A. G., Kalapov, I., Kalivitis, N., Kasper-Giebl, A., Keywood, M., Kim, J. E., Kim, S.-W., Kristensson, A., Kulmala, M., Lihavainen, H., Lin, N.-H., Lyamani, H., Marinoni, A., Martins Dos Santos, S., Mayol-Bracero, O. L., Meinhardt, F., Merkel, M., Metzger, J.-M., Mihalopoulos, N., Ondracek, J., Pandolfi, M., Pérez, N., Petäjä, T., Petit, J.-E., Picard, D., Pichon, J.-M., Pont, V., Putaud, J.-P., Reisen, F., Sellegri, K., Sharma, S., Schauer, G., Sheridan, P., Sherman, J. P., Schwerin, A., Sohmer, R., Sorribas, M., Sun, J., Tulet, P., Vakkari, V., van Zyl, P. G., Velarde, F., Villani, P., Vratolis, S., Wagner, Z., Wang, S.-H., Weinhold, K., Weller, R., Yela, M., Zdimal, V., and Laj, P.: Seasonality of the particle number concentration and size distribution: a global analysis retrieved from the network of Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) near-surface observatories, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17185–17223, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17185-2021, 2021.
Soula, S., N. Pineda, J.-F. Georgis, A. Leroy, I. Vanpoucke, J. Montanyà, E. Casellas, S. Gonzalez, and J. Bech, 2021, On the conditions for winter lightning at the Eagle Nest Tower (2,537 m asl) during the Cerdanya-2017 field experiment, Atmos. Res., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105208.
Thompson, C. F., C. Barthe, S. Bielli, P. Tulet, and J. Pianezze,Projected characteristics changes of a typical tropical cyclone under climate change in the South West Indian Ocean. Atmosphere, 12, 232,https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12020232, 2021
Tomicic, M., S. Soula, E. Defer, S. Prieur, J. Mlynarczyk, T. Farges, O. Chanrion, C. Kohn, and T. Neubert, 2021, Dancing Sprites Above a Lightning Mapping Array – an analysis of the storm and flash/sprite developments, J. Geoph. Res. Atmos.. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD035059.
Tulet, P., B. Aunay, G. Barruol, C. Barthe, R. Belon, S. Bielli, F. Bonnardot, O. Bousquet, J.-P. Cammas, J.Cattiaux, F. Chauvin, I. Fontaine, F. R. Fontaine, F. Gabarrot, S. Garabedian, A. Gonzalez, J.-L. Join, F.Jouvenot, D. Nortes-Martinez, D. Mékiès, P. Mouquet, G. Payen, G. Pennober, J. Pianezze, C. Revillion,C. Thompson, C. Rault, C. Revillion, E. J. Rindraharisaona, K. Samyn, C. Thompson, and H. Vérèmes, ReNovRisk: a multidisciplinary programme to study the cyclonic risks in the South-West Indian Ocean. Natural Hazards, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04624-w, 2021
2020
Blanchard, N., Pantillon, F., Chaboureau, J.-P., and Delanoë, J. (2020): Organization of convective ascents in a warm conveyor belt, Weather Clim. Dynam., 1, 617–634, https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-1-617-2020
Eisenstein, L, F. Pantillon, and P. Knippertz, Dynamics of sting‐jet storm Egon over continental Europe: Impact of surface properties and model resolution. Q J R Meteorol Soc. 2020; 146: 186– 210. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3666
Erdmann, F., E. Defer, O. Caumont, R. J. Blakeslee, S. Pédeboy, and S.Coquillat, Concurrent satellite and ground-based lightning observations from the Optical Lightning Imaging Sensor (ISS-LIS), the low-frequency network Meteorage and the SAETTA Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) in the northwestern Mediterranean region, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 853–875, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-853-2020
Hilt, M., L. Roblou, C. Nguyen, P. Marchesiello, F. Lemarié, et al.. Numerical modeling of hydraulic control, solitary waves and primary instabilities in the Strait of Gibraltar. Ocean Modelling, Elsevier, 2020, 10.1016/j.ocemod.2020.101642. hal-02418114
Kolmašová, I., O. Santolík, E. Defer, P. Kašpar, A. Kolínská, S. Pedeboy, S. Coquillat, Two propagation scenarios of isolated breakdown lightning processes, Geophysical Research Letters, 47(23), 2020, 10.1029/2020GL090593
Lee, H.-H., and C. Wang, 2020: The impacts of biomass burning activities on convective systems over the Maritime Continent, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 2533-2548, doi:10.5194/acp-20-2533-2020.
Merz, B., Kuhlicke, C., Kunz, M., Pittore, M., Babeyko, A., Bresch, D. N., Domeisen, D. I. V., Feser, F., Koszalka, I., Kreibich, H., Pantillon, F., Parolai, S., Pinto, J. G., Punge, H. J., Rivalta, E., Schröter, K., Strehlow, K., Weisse, R., Wurpts, A. (2020). Impact Forecasting to Support Emergency Management of Natural Hazards. Reviews of Geophysics, 58, e2020RG000704. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020RG000704
Pantillon, F., B. Adler, U. Corsmeier, P. Knippertz, A. Wieser, and A. Hansen, 2020: Formation of Wind Gusts in an Extratropical Cyclone in Light of Doppler Lidar Observations and Large-Eddy Simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 148, 353–375, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-19-0241.1
Phillips, V. T. J., M. Formenton, V. Kanawade, L. Karlsson, S. Patade, J. Sun, C. Barthe, J.-P. Pinty, A.Detwiler, W. Lyu, and S. Tessendorf,Multiple environmental influences on the lightning of cold-based continental cumulonimbus clouds. Part I: description and validation of the model. J. Atmos. Sci., 77,3999-4024, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-19-0200.1, 2020
Reinares Martinez, I., J.-P. Chaboureau, and J. Handwerker, 2020: Warm rain in southern West Africa: A case study at Savè, Atmosphere, 11, 298.
Roux, F., H. Clark, K.-Y. Wang, S. Rohs, B. Sauvage, and P. Nédélec, The influence of typhoons on atmospheric composition deduced from IAGOS measurements over Taipei, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 3945–3963, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3945-2020
Tiago Couto, F., M. Iakunin, R. Salgado, P. Pinto, T. Viegas, and J.-P. Pinty, Lightning modelling for the research of forest fire ignition in Portugal, Atmospheric Research, Atmospheric Research, 2020, 10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.104993
Wing, A. A., C. L. Stauffer, T. Becker, K. A. Reed, M.-S. Ahn, N. P. Arnold, S. Bony, M. Branson, G. H. Bryan, J.-P. Chaboureau, S. R. de Roode, K. Gayatri, C. Hohenegger, I.-K. Hu, F. Jansson, T. R. Jones, M. Khairoutdinov, D. Kim, Z. K. Martin, S. Matsugishi, B. Medeiros, H. Miura, Y. Moon, S. K. Müller, T. Ohno, M. Popp, T. Prabhakaran, D. Randall, R. Rios-Berrios, N. Rochetin, R. Roehrig, D. M. Romps, J. H. Ruppert Jr., M. Satoh, L. G. Silvers, M. S. Singh, B. Stevens, L. Tomassini, C. C. van Heerwaarden, S. Wang, and M. Zhao, 2020: Clouds and convective self-aggregation in a multi-model ensemble of radiative-convective equilibrium simulations, J. Adv. Model Earth Syst., 12, e2020MS002138.
PCOA-CORSiCA (Centre d’Observation Régional pour la Surveillance du Climat et de l’environnement Atmosphérique et océanographique en Méditerranée occidentale) / financement Collectivité de Corse / Responsable (LAERO) : D. Lambert / https://corsica.obs-mip.fr/
CROCO (Coastal and Regional Ocean COmmunity model) / GDR associant INRIA, SHOM, IFREMER, IRD, CNRS-INSU & Université de Toulouse / Responsable (LAERO) : F. Auclair / http://www.croco-ocean.org/
EECLAT (Expecting EarthCARE Learning from A-Train) / GDR financé par CNES et CNRS-INSU / Responsable (LAERO) : V. Noël / http://eeclat.ipsl.fr
ICCARE (Ice Crystals in deep convective Clouds : interactions with Aerosols, Radiation & Electricity) / financement ANR (ANR-21-CE01-0006) / Responsable (LAERO) : C. Barthe / https://iccare.aeris-data.fr/
IDEA (Impact Des Embruns sur l’Atmosphère marine) / financement LEFE IMAGO / Responsable (LAERO) : P. Tulet / n/a
C2OMODO (Convective Core Observations through MicrOwave Derivatives in the trOpics) / financement CNES (mission spatiale) / Participant (LAERO) : J. P. Chaboureau / https://c2omodo.ipsl.fr/
C3IEL (Cluster for Cloud evolution, ClImatE and Lightning) / financement CNES (mission spatiale) / Participants (LAERO) : C. Barthe, E. Defer, T. Dauhut / n/a
CADDIWA (Clouds-Atmospheric Dynamics-Dust Interactions in West Africa) / Participants (LAERO) : J.-P. Chaboureau, T. Dauhut, G. Feger
MedCyclones (European network for Mediterranean cyclones in weather and climate) financement COST Action (CA19109) / Participants (LAERO) : B. Doiteau, W. Lfarh, F. Pantillon / https://medcyclones.eu/
SAPHIR (Sensor Augmented weather Prediction at High Resolution) / financement ANR (Projet-ANR-21-CE04-0014) / Participants (LAERO) : S. Coquillat, J. Escobar, P. De Guibert, L. Feral, D. Gazen, D. Lambert, F. Pantillon, L. Roblou, P. Wautelet / https://anr.fr/Projet-ANR-21-CE04-0014
SOLAB (Southern Senegal cOstal LABoratory) / financement ANR (ANR-18-CE32-0009)/ Participants (LAERO) : F. Auclair, M. Hilt, B. Lemieux, C. Nguyen, L. Roblou / https://anr.fr/Projet-ANR-18-CE32-0009
Campagnes en cours ou en préparation
Aucune campagne en cours ou en préparation
Activités scientifiques et techniques passées
Projets
DIP-NAWDEX (Diabatic processes during the North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream impact EXperiment) /2017-2022 / financement ANR (ANR-17-CE01-0010) / http://www.lmd.ens.fr/DIPNAWDEX/
EXAEDRE (EXploiting new Atmospheric Electrivity Data for Research and the Environment) / 2016-2021 / financement ANR (ANR-16-CE04-0005), CNES, programme HyMeX / https://www.aeris-data.fr/projects/exaedre/
GEPETO (Gibraltar Experiment: ProcEss and Turbulence Oriented project) / 2020-2023 / financement CNRS INSU LEFE / n/a
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